Digital Equipment Corporation DEClaser 2200 Service Manual

VT420 ProgrammerReference ManualOrder Number EK–VT420–RM.002Digital Equipment Corporation

x ContentsRelease Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214Printing Visual Attributes . . . . . . . . .

78 ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard Codes7-Bit Control Characters7-Bit Control CharactersTable 3–7 lists the key or keys you use to send each 7-bit c

ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard Codes7-Bit Control Characters79Table 3–7 (Cont.) Keys Used to Send 7-Bit Control CharactersControlCharacterMnemonicC

80 ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard CodesSpecial CasesCtrl Print ScreenEnter Scroll LockNum Lock ShiftShifted keys and keys pressed withCtrlcan repea

Part3ControlFunctionsReceivedfromtheHost

4Emulating VT Series Terminals4The VT420 terminal can operate like Digital’s VT300, VT200, andVT100 series text terminals. This feature lets you use t

84 Emulating VT Series TerminalsLevel 1 (VT100 Mode)— six editing keys— user-defined keys• Only the ASCII, national replacement (NRC), and DEC SpecialG

Emulating VT Series TerminalsAll Levels85Table 4–1 (Cont.) Control Functions Ignored in Level 1 (VT100 mode)Name MnemonicDefine macro DECDMACDownline-l

86 Emulating VT Series TerminalsAll LevelsTable 4–1 (Cont.) Control Functions Ignored in Level 1 (VT100 mode)Name MnemonicRestore terminal state DECRS

Emulating VT Series TerminalsSelecting an Operating Level (DECSCL)87Selecting an Operating Level (DECSCL)You select the terminal’s operating level by

Contents xiRequest Terminal State Report (DECRQTSR)—Host To VT420 . 245Terminal State Report (DECTSR)—VT420 to Host . . . . . . . . . . . 245Restore T

88 Emulating VT Series TerminalsSending C1 Controls to the HostSending C1 Controls to the HostThe VT420 can send C1 control characters to the host as

Emulating VT Series TerminalsNational Replacement Character Set Mode (DECNRCM)89National Replacement Character Set Mode (DECNRCM)(Worldwide Model Only

5Using Character Sets5This chapter describes how you can select character sets to use withyour terminal in VT mode. See Chapter 15 for information on

Using Character SetsSelecting Character Sets91Selecting Character SetsTo understand how to select character sets, you must first understandthe function

92 Using Character SetsSelecting Character SetsG0 G1 G2 G3GL GRGSF_0595_89.DGC0 C1MappingFunctions:LockingShifts andSingle ShiftsDesignatingFunctions(

Selecting Graphic Character SetsDesignating Character Sets (SCS Sequences)93Designating Character Sets (SCS Sequences)You designate a hard character s

94 Selecting Graphic Character SetsDesignating Character Sets (SCS Sequences)I2...InF, intermediate and final charactersSelects one of the standard cha

Selecting Graphic Character SetsDesignating Character Sets (SCS Sequences)95Table 5–3 (Cont.) Character Set CodesCharacter SetI2...InFCharacters CodeD

96 Selecting Graphic Character SetsDesignating Character Sets (SCS Sequences)G0 G1 G2 G3GL GRGSF_0597_89.DGC0 C12 345671234567ABCD1A B C DLS0 (S1)LS1

Selecting Graphic Character SetsDesignating Character Sets (SCS Sequences)97G0 G1 G2 G3GLGSF_0596_89.DGC0123 4AB1234LS0 (S1)LS1 (S0)SS2SS3ESC (ESC )AS

xii ContentsScreen Alignment Pattern (DECALN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291Invoke Confidence Test (DECTST)—Power-Up Self-Test . . . . .

98 Selecting Graphic Character SetsLocking Shifts (LS)Locking Shifts (LS)When you use a locking shift, the character set remains in GL or GR untilyou

Selecting Graphic Character SetsSingle Shifts (SS)99Single Shifts (SS)You use a single shift when you want to display the next character from adiffere

100 Selecting Graphic Character SetsAssigning User-Preferred Supplemental Sets (DECAUPSS)National Replacement Character Sets(Worldwide Model Only)The

Selecting Graphic Character SetsANSI Conformance Levels101ANSI Conformance LevelsThis control function lets an application map certain character sets

102 Using Character SetsANSI Conformance LevelsNotes on ANSI Conformance Levels• If the terminal is reset, turned off, or changed with a set conforman

Using Character SetsSoft Character Sets103Designing a Soft Character SetYour terminal displays each character by turning on a series of pixels.A pixel

104 Using Character SetsSoft Character SetsTable 5–5 shows the default character cell widths and heights based onthe number of lines and columns on th

Using Character SetsSoft Character Sets105The built-in fonts supplied by Digital follow the guidelines in Table 5–6.The table lists the different guid

106 Using Character SetsSoft Character SetsTable 5–6 Guidelines for Designing Soft CharactersCharacter Dimension 80-Column Font 132-Column Font24 Line

Using Character SetsSoft Character Sets107Table 5–6 (Cont.) Guidelines for Designing Soft CharactersCharacter Dimension 80-Column Font 132-Column Font

Contents xiiiUsing PC Character Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313Selecting PC Character Sets . . . . . . . .

108 Using Character SetsSoft Character SetsUse the format shown in Figure 5–6. Each 6-bit pattern represents 6pixels, or a sixel. The least significant

Using Character SetsSoft Character Sets109Sixels codes are restricted to characters in the range of ? (3F16) to ~(7E16), so you must add an offset of

110 Using Character SetsSoft Character SetsTable 5–7 (Cont.) Converting Binary Code to an ASCII CharacterBinaryValueHex.ValueHex. Value +3F OffsetChar

Using Character SetsSoft Character Sets111Table 5–7 (Cont.) Converting Binary Code to an ASCII CharacterBinaryValueHex.ValueHex. Value +3F OffsetChara

112 Using Character SetsSoft Character Sets000000?(3/15){(7/11)111100 000100C(4/3)001000G(7/4)010000O(4/15)100000_(5/15)000000?(3/15)(7/14)111111 1000

Using Character SetsSoft Character Sets113Downloading Soft CharactersThe VT420 lets you load up to six variations of the same soft character setfor ea

114 Soft Character SetsDownline Load (DECDLD)Downline Load (DECDLD)You load your soft character set with a DECDLD device control string.See Chapter 2

Soft Character SetsDownline Load (DECDLD)115Examples of Dscs NamesNameFunctionsp2/0@4/0Defines the character set as an unregistered softset. This value

116 Soft Character SetsDownline Load (DECDLD)Table 5–8 DECDLD Parameter CharactersParameter Name DescriptionPfn FontnumberSelects the DRCS font buffer

Soft Character SetsDownline Load (DECDLD)117Table 5–8 (Cont.) DECDLD Parameter CharactersParameter Name DescriptionPcmw CharactermatrixwidthSelects th

xiv ContentsC Related DocumentationD Compatibility with Other Digital TerminalsGlossaryFigures1–1 VT420 Video Display Terminal with Keyboards . . . .

118 Soft Character SetsDownline Load (DECDLD)Table 5–8 (Cont.) DECDLD Parameter CharactersParameter Name DescriptionFor VT200 compatible software: Use

Soft Character SetsDownline Load (DECDLD)119Table 5–8 (Cont.) DECDLD Parameter CharactersParameter Name DescriptionNOTEFor VT220 compatibility, you mu

120 Soft Character SetsDownline Load (DECDLD)Table 5–8 (Cont.) DECDLD Parameter CharactersParameter Name DescriptionPcss Characterset sizeDefines the c

Soft Character SetsDownline Load (DECDLD)121Table 5–9 Valid DECDLD Parameter CombinationsPt Pcmw Pcmh Pss80-column, 24 lines0 or 1 0 to 8 0 to 16 0 or

122 Soft Character SetsDownline Load (DECDLD)Designating the Soft Character SetYou designate your soft character set the same way you designate thehar

Soft Character SetsDownline Load (DECDLD)123A soft set that replaces a hard set remains in effect until you performone of the following actions:– Clea

124 Soft Character SetsDownline Load (DECDLD)ParameterFunctionPfn = 1 Loads this soft set into the DRCS font buffer.Pcn = 1 Selects the character at r

Using Character SetsDownline Load (DECDLD)125ESC (1/11)introduces the SCS sequence.) (2/9)designates the character set as G1.sp @ (2/0, 4/0)selects th

6Page Memory6This chapter describes the control functions that affect the terminal’s pagememory. The chapter covers the following topics:• What is pag

Page MemoryWhat is Page Memory?127Applications can write to page memory by first addressing a page, thenwriting data to the page. If the application wa

Contents xv6–1 A Page in Page Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1276–2 Page Sizes for One Session . . . . . . . . . . .

128 Page MemoryWhat is Page Memory?GSF_0603_89_R.DG6 Pages 5 Pages 4 Pages3 Pages 2 Pages 1 Page80/132Columns24Lines25Lines36Lines48Lines72Lines144Lin

Page MemoryWhat is Page Memory?129Page Memory for Two SessionsWhen you use two sessions, each session has 72 lines of page memoryavailable. See Chapte

130 Controlling the Page FormatSelecting 80 or 132 Columns per Page• 2 pages of 25 lines 80 or 132 columns• 2 pages of 36 lines 80 or 132 columns• 1 p

Controlling the Page FormatSelecting 80 or 132 Columns per Page131Notes on DECSCPP• DECSCPP changes the font to match the current number of columnson

132 Controlling the Page FormatSet Lines per Page (DECSLPP)Set Lines per Page (DECSLPP)This control function sets the number of lines for each page in

Controlling the Page FormatSet Left and Right Margins (DECSLRM)133Set Left and Right Margins (DECSLRM)This control function sets the left and right ma

134 Controlling the Page FormatSet Top and Bottom Margins (DECSTBM)Set Top and Bottom Margins (DECSTBM)This control function sets the top and bottom m

Controlling the Page FormatVertical Split Screen Mode (DECVSSM)135Origin Mode (DECOM)This control function allows cursor addressing relative to the to

136 Moving to Another PageNext Page (NP)FormatCSI9/11?3/1563/693/9h6/8Set: DECSLRM can set margins.CSI9/11?3/1563/393/9l6/12Reset: DECSLRM cannot set

Moving to Another PagePreceding Page (PP)137ParametersPnindicates how many pages to move the cursor forward.Default: Pn = 0.If Pn is 0 or 1, then the

xvi Contents5–7 Converting Binary Code to an ASCII Character . . . . . . . . . . 1095–8 DECDLD Parameter Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

138 Moving to Another PagePage Position Backward (PPB)Page Position Absolute (PPA)This control function can move the cursor to the corresponding row a

Moving to Another PagePage Position Relative (PPR)139Page Position Relative (PPR)This control function moves the cursor forward to the corresponding r

140 Page MemorySummarySummaryTables 6–1 and 6–2 list the control functions described in this chapter.Table 6–1 Page Format SequencesName Mnemonic Sequ

Page MemorySummary141Table 6–1 (Cont.) Page Format SequencesName Mnemonic SequenceOrigin mode DECOM Set: CSI ? 6 hMove within margins.Reset: CSI ? 6 l

7Setting Visual Character and LineAttributes7This chapter describes how to select visual attributes for displaycharacters. Visual character attributes

Setting Visual Character AttributesSelect Graphic Rendition (SGR)143Select Graphic Rendition (SGR)This control function selects one or more character

144 Setting Line AttributesSingle-Width, Single-Height Line (DECSWL)ExamplesWhen you select more than one attribute in an SGR sequence, they arepexecu

Setting Line AttributesDouble-Width, Double-Height Line (DECDHL)145FormatESC1/11#2/353/5Double-Width, Single-Height Line (DECDWL)This control function

146 Setting Line AttributesDouble-Width, Double-Height Line (DECDHL)ExampleThe following sequences make the phrase ‘‘VT420 Video Terminal’’ adouble-he

Setting Visual Character and Line AttributesSummary147SummaryTable 7–2 lists the control functions described in this chapter.Table 7–2 Visual Characte

About This ManualThis reference manual is for people with a general knowledge of computerprogramming. The manual provides programmers with information

8Editing8This chapter describes how to edit characters in page memory. You useediting control functions to insert, delete, and erase characters. Thecu

Inserting and Deleting Columns, Lines, and CharactersDelete Column (DECDC)149Insert/Replace Mode (IRM)This control function selects how the terminal a

150 Inserting and Deleting Columns, Lines, and CharactersDelete Line (DL)DescriptionAs columns are deleted, the remaining columns between the cursor a

Inserting and Deleting Columns, Lines, and CharactersInsert Line (IL)151FormatCSI9/11Pn3/nM4/13ParametersPnis the number of lines to delete.Default: P

152 Inserting and Deleting Columns, Lines, and CharactersInsert Character (ICH)Delete Character (DCH)This control function deletes one or more charact

Erasing TextErase in Display (ED)153ParametersPnis the number of characters to insert.Default: Pn = 1.DescriptionThe ICH sequence inserts Pn blank cha

154 Erasing TextErase Character (ECH)PsArea Erased0 (default) From the cursor through the end of the display1 From the beginning of the display throug

Selectively Erasing TextSelect Character Protection Attribute (DECSCA)155FormatCSI9/11Pn3/nX5/8ParametersPnis the number of characters to erase. A Pn

156 Selectively Erasing TextSelective Erase in Display (DECSED)Notes on DECSCA• DECSCA does not affect visual character attributes set by the selectgr

Selectively Erasing TextSelective Erase in Line (DECSEL)157Selective Erase in Line (DECSEL)This control function erases some or all of the erasable ch

xviii About This ManualOrganizationThe manual is divided into five parts.Part 1: Introduction to Your VT420 TerminalPart 1 covers information you need

158 EditingSummarySummaryTable 8–1 lists the control functions described in this chapter.Table 8–1 Editing SequencesName Mnemonic SequenceInsert/repla

EditingSummary159Table 8–1 (Cont.) Editing SequencesName Mnemonic SequenceSelectcharacterprotectionattributeDECSCA CSI Ps " qPs = 0, DECSED and D

9Rectangular Area Operations9This chapter describes control functions you can use to manipulaterectangular areas of text in page memory. You can• Copy

Copying, Filling, and Erasing Rectangular AreasCopy Rectangular Area (DECCRA)161Copy Rectangular Area (DECCRA)This control function copies a rectangul

162 Copying, Filling, and Erasing Rectangular AreasFill Rectangular Area (DECFRA)Notes on DECCRA• If Pbs is greater than Pts, or Pls is greater than P

Copying, Filling, and Erasing Rectangular AreasFill Rectangular Area (DECFRA)163ParametersPchis the decimal value of the fill character. Pch can be any

164 Copying, Filling, and Erasing Rectangular AreasErase Rectangular Area (DECERA)Erase Rectangular Area (DECERA)This control function erases characte

Copying, Filling, and Erasing Rectangular AreasSelective Erase Rectangular Area (DECSERA)165Selective Erase Rectangular Area (DECSERA)This control fun

166 Changing Attributes of RectanglesSelect Attribute Change Extent (DECSACE)Notes on DECSERA• The coordinates of the rectangular area are affected by

Changing Attributes of RectanglesChange Attributes in Rectangular Area (DECCARA)167PsArea Affected0(default)DECCARA or DECRARA affect the stream of ch

About This Manual xix• Chapter 9, ‘‘Rectangular Area Operations,’’ describes the controlfunctions used to manipulate rectangular areas of text.• Chapt

168 Changing Attributes of RectanglesChange Attributes in Rectangular Area (DECCARA)Pr is the right-column border.Default: Pr = last column of the act

Changing Attributes of RectanglesReverse Attributes in Rectangular Area (DECRARA)169Notes on DECCARA• The coordinates of the rectangular area are affe

170 Changing Attributes of RectanglesReverse Attributes in Rectangular Area (DECRARA)ParametersPt, Pl, Pb, and Prdefine the rectangular area to be reve

Changing Attributes of RectanglesReverse Attributes in Rectangular Area (DECRARA)171The following sequence reverses all attributes except the blink at

172 Rectangular Area OperationsSummarySummaryTable 9–1 is a summary of the control functions in this chapter.Table 9–1 Rectangular Area Control Functi

Rectangular Area OperationsSummary173Table 9–1 (Cont.) Rectangular Area Control FunctionsName Mnemonic SequenceSelectattributechangeextentDECSACE CSI

10Cursor Movement and Panning10This chapter describes the control functions you use to move the cursorand view different areas in the terminal’s page

Cursor Movement and Panning 175Figure 10–1 shows the difference between scrolling and panning.A A A A A A A A A AB B B B B B B B B BA A A A A A A A A

176 Cursor Movement and PanningThe CursorThe CursorThe cursor is a marker that indicates the active position in page memory.The active position is the

Moving the Cursor on the Current PageForward Index (DECFI)177In the following sequences, the parameters Pn, Pl, and Pc indicate cursorposition. If you

First Edition, November 1989Second Edition, February 1992The information in this document is subject to change without notice and should notbe constru

xx About This Manual• Appendix C, ‘‘Related Documentation,’’ lists other VT420documentation you can order from Digital.• Appendix D, ‘‘Compatibility w

178 Moving the Cursor on the Current PageHorizontal and Vertical Position (HVP)DescriptionDECFI adds a new column at the right margin, with no visual

Moving the Cursor on the Current PageCursor Backward (CUB)179Cursor Forward (CUF)This control function moves the cursor to the right by a specified num

180 Moving the Cursor on the Current PageCursor Down (CUD)Cursor Up (CUU)Moves the cursor up a specified number of lines, in the same column.The cursor

PanningPan Down (SU)181PanningYou can display any part of the current page by moving the user windowacross the page. The following control functions l

182 PanningPan Up (SD)Pan Up (SD)This control function moves the user window up a specified number oflines in page memory.FormatCSI9/11Pn3/nT5/4Paramet

Cursor CouplingVertical Cursor-Coupling Mode (DECVCCM)183Cursor CouplingThis section describes control functions that make the user window panwith the

184 Cursor CouplingPage Cursor-Coupling Mode (DECPCCM)When DECVCCM is reset, the cursor is uncoupled from the display. If thecursor moves past the top

Cursor Movement and PanningSummary185SummaryTable 10–1 lists the control functions described in this chapter.Table 10–1 Cursor Movement and Panning Se

186 Cursor Movement and PanningSummaryTable 10–1 (Cont.) Cursor Movement and Panning SequencesName Mnemonic SequencePanningVerticalcursor-coupling mod

11Keyboard, Printing, and DisplayCommands11This chapter describes the control functions for the following areas:• Keyboard keys, including user-defined

About This Manual xxiGlossary entries Appear in italics when first used in text.Example: The VT420 stores information in its pagememory.

188 Keyboard Control FunctionsBackarrow Key Mode (DECBKM)Keyboard Action Mode (KAM)This control function locks or unlocks the keyboard.Default: Unlock

Keyboard Control FunctionsLine Feed/New Line Mode (LNM)189FormatCSI9/11?3/1563/673/7h6/8Set: backspace key.CSI9/11?3/1563/673/7l6/12Reset: delete key.

190 Keyboard Control FunctionsAutorepeat Mode (DECARM)DescriptionIf LNM is set, the cursor moves to the first column on the next line whenthe terminal

Keyboard Control FunctionsAutowrap Mode (DECAWM)191• The following keys on the PC keyboard do not repeat:Alt AltGrCaps Lock PauseCtrl Print ScreenEnte

192 Numeric KeypadCursor Keys Mode (DECCKM)Cursor Keys Mode (DECCKM)This control function selects the sequences the arrow keys send. You canuse the fo

Numeric KeypadKeypad Application and Numeric Modes (DECKPAM and DECKPNM)193FormatESC1/11=3/13DECKPAM: application sequences.ESC1/11>3/14DECKPNM: ke

194 Keyboard Control FunctionsTypewriter or Data Processing KeysTypewriter or Data Processing KeysYou can select whether the main keyboard keys act as

Keyboard Control FunctionsEnable Local Functions (DECELF)195Key Position Mode (DECKPM)This control function selects whether the keyboard sends charact

196 Keyboard Control FunctionsEnable Local Functions (DECELF)FormatCSI9/11Pf13/n;3/11Pc13/n;3/11. . .. . .Pfn; Pcn3/n 3/n+2/11q7/1ParametersPfnis a nu

Keyboard Control FunctionsLocal Function Key Control (DECLFKC)197Local Function Key Control (DECLFKC)This control function lets you select the action

198 Keyboard Control FunctionsSelect Modifier Key Reporting (DECSMKR)Pfn Meaning0 Selects the default function of the key.VT mode Local printPC TERM mo

Keyboard Control FunctionsSelect Modifier Key Reporting (DECSMKR)199FormatCSI9/11Pm13/n;3/11Pf13/n...Pmn; Pfn********+2/11r7/2ParametersPmnis the ke

200 Keyboard Control FunctionsExtended Keyboard Report (DECEKBD)Extended Keyboard Report (DECEKBD)This control function is a report that provides appl

Keyboard, Printing, and Display CommandsExtended Keyboard Report (DECEKBD)201mmKey01 leftShiftLeast significant bit02 rightShift04 Lock08Ctrl10 leftAlt

202 Keyboard, Printing, and Display CommandsUser-Defined Keys (DECUDK)User-Defined Keys (DECUDK)The following keyboards have the following user-defined k

User-Defined Keys (DECUDK)Programming UDKs203UDK Memory SpaceThere are 768 bytes of memory available for the 48 user-defined keys.Space is supplied on a

204 User-Defined Keys (DECUDK)Programming UDKs1 Clear one key at a time, before loading a new value.When Pc is 1, the terminal only clears the keys you

User-Defined Keys (DECUDK)Programming UDKs205The keys must be unlocked before you can define them. You can onlyunlock the keys from set-up. If a key is

206 User-Defined Keys (DECUDK)Programming UDKsPmis the modifier parameter. Pm designates whether the key is shifted orunshifted.PmAction0, 2, or none De

User-Defined Keys (DECUDK)Programming UDKs207Table 11–1 ANSI and Short ANSI KeyboardsPm = 1 Pm = none, 0, or 2Kyn ANSI Short ANSI ANSI Short ANSI11 F1

Part1IntroductiontoYourVT420Terminal

208 User-Defined Keys (DECUDK)Programming UDKsTable 11–2 PC KeyboardsPm ValueKyn 1 None, 0, or 2 3 411 F1 Shift F1 Alt F1 Alt Shift F112 F2 Shift F2 Al

User-Defined Keys (DECUDK)Programming UDKs209STis the string terminator. ST (9/12) is a C1 8-bit character. You can useESC \ (1/11, 5/12) for a 7-bit e

210 Printer Port Control FunctionsPrinter Extent Mode (DECPEX)DCS 1 ; 1 ; 1 | 3 4 /34 is the code for theF20key.After the slash character (/, 2/15), y

Keyboard, Printing, and Display CommandsPrint Form Feed Mode (DECPFF)211Print Form Feed Mode (DECPFF)This control function selects whether or not the

212 Keyboard, Printing, and Display CommandsPrinting FunctionsPrinting a Display Line: Autoprint ModeIn this mode, the printer prints a line from the

Keyboard, Printing, and Display CommandsPrinting Functions213Notes on Print Page• If printer extent mode (DECPEX) is currently reset, the print pagefu

214 Keyboard, Printing, and Display CommandsPrinting FunctionsStop Printer-to-Host SessionThis control function disables communication from the printe

Keyboard, Printing, and Display CommandsPrinting Visual Attributes215Sending Line AttributesThe terminal sends line attributes to a printer by (1) sen

216 Screen Display Control FunctionsLight or Dark Screen: Screen Mode (DECSCNM)Local Echo: Send/Receive Mode (SRM)This control function turns local ec

Screen Display Control FunctionsScrolling Mode (DECSCLM)217DescriptionWhen DECSCNM is set, the screen displays dark characters on a lightbackground.Wh

218 Screen Display Control FunctionsSelect Number of Lines/Screen (DECSNLS)Select Number of Lines/Screen (DECSNLS)This control function selects the ma

Screen Display Control FunctionsSelect Active Status Display (DECSASD)219Selecting the Indicator or Host-Writable Status LineThe line below the last l

220 Screen Display Control FunctionsSelect Status Line Type (DECSSDT)ParametersPsrepresents the display the terminal sends data to, as follows:PsActio

Screen Display Control FunctionsSelect Status Line Type (DECSSDT)221Notes on DECSSDT• If you select no status line (Ps = 0), the terminal uses the lin

222 Keyboard, Printing, and Display CommandsSummarySummaryTables 11–3 through 11–6 list the control sequences described in thischapter.Table 11–3 Keyb

Keyboard, Printing, and Display CommandsSummary223Table 11–3 (Cont.) Keyboard Control SequencesNameMnemonic SequenceEnable localfunctionsDECELF CSI Pf

224 Keyboard, Printing, and Display CommandsSummaryTable 11–3 (Cont.) Keyboard Control SequencesNameMnemonic SequenceSelect modifierkeyreportingDECSMKR

Keyboard, Printing, and Display CommandsSummary225Table 11–4 Programming UDKsDECUDK Device Control String FormatDCS Pc ; Pl ; Pm ; | Ky1/St1;...Kyn/St

226 Keyboard, Printing, and Display CommandsSummaryTable 11–5 Printing Control SequencesName Mnemonic SequencePrinter extent mode DECPEX Set: CSI ? 19

Keyboard, Printing, and Display CommandsSummary227Table 11–6 Screen Display Control SequencesName Mnemonic SequenceSend/receive mode SRM Set: CSI 12 h

1VT420 Features1This chapter provides an overview of the VT420 video terminal. Thechapter briefly describes the major features and operating modes of t

12VT420 Reports12The VT420 sends reports in response to requests from the host system.These reports provide the host with information about the termin

Device Attributes (DA)Primary DA229There are three types of DA exchanges between the host and the terminal,primary DA, secondary DA, and tertiary DA.

230 Device Attributes (DA)Primary DAPsMeaning1 132 columns2 Printer port6 Selective erase7 Soft character set (DRCS)8 User-defined keys9 National repla

Device Attributes (DA)Primary DA231Exchange Sequence Meaning• Soft character set(DRCS) (7)• User-defined keys (8)• NRC sets (9) (worldwidemodel only)•

232 Device Attributes (DA)Secondary DASecondary DAIn this DA exchange, the host requests the terminal’s identification code,firmware version level, and

Device Attributes (DA)Tertiary DA (VT400 Mode Only)233PoOptions0 No options.1 LK443 (101 keys) or LK444 (102 keys) PC keyboard with LK401interface.Sec

234 Device Attributes (DA)Terminal Identification (DECID)Terminal ResponseThe terminal responds by sending a report terminal unit ID (DECRPTUI)control

Device Status Reports (DSR)DSR—VT420 Operating Status235Host DECID RequestESC1/11Z5/10Terminal ResponseThe terminal uses the same response as for a pr

236 Device Status Reports (DSR)DSR—Extended Cursor Position Report (DECXCPR)Exchange Sequence MeaningRequest(Host to VT420)CSI 5 n The host requests t

Device Status Reports (DSR)DSR—Printer Port237Exchange Sequence MeaningDECXCPR response(VT420 to host)CSI Pl; Pc; Pp R The terminal indicates that the

4 VT420 FeaturesVT420 ModelsAll models have a 6-pin, DEC-423 printer port. The printer port can alsoserve as an extra communication port for connectio

238 Device Status Reports (DSR)DSR—Keyboard StatusExchange Sequence MeaningCSI ? 19 n Printer assigned to other session.DTR is asserted on the printer

Device Status Reports (DSR)DSR—Keyboard Status239DialectPn ANSI PC PstKeyboardStatus0 Unknown Unknown 0 Keyboard ready.1 North American† North America

240 Device Status Reports (DSR)DSR—Memory Checksum (DECCKSR)DSR—Macro Space ReportThe host asks for the available macro space in the form of a macro s

Device Status Reports (DSR)DSR—Data Integrity Report241Exchange Sequence MeaningDECCKSR response(VT420 to host)DCS Pid ! ~ D..DSTPid is a label indica

242 VT420 ReportsDSR—Multiple-Session Configuration Status ReportDSR—Multiple-Session Configuration Status ReportThe host asks for the status of the ter

Requesting a Checksum of a Rectangular AreaRequest Checksum of Rectangular Area (DECRQCRA) (VT400 Mode Only)243Request Checksum of Rectangular Area (D

244 VT420 ReportsChecksum ReportChecksum ReportThe terminal returns a checksum report in response to one of thefollowing requests:Request checksum of

Terminal State Reports (VT400 Mode Only)Terminal State Report (DECTSR)—VT420 to Host245Request Terminal State Report (DECRQTSR)—Host To VT420The host

246 Terminal State Reports (VT400 Mode Only)Restore Terminal State (DECRSTS)—VT400 Mode OnlyFormatDCS9/013/1$2/4s7/3D . . . D. . .ST9/12ParametersD...

VT420 ReportsRestore Terminal State (DECRSTS)—VT400 Mode Only247PsData String Format0 Error, restore ignored1 Selects the format of the terminal state

VT420 FeaturesVT420 Models5LJ-01105-TI0KEYBOARD 102132Figure 1–1 VT420 Video Display Terminal with Keyboards1ANSI keyboard2Short ANSI keyboard3PC keyb

248 Presentation State Reports (VT400 Mode Only)Cursor Information Report (DECCIR)—VT420 to HostRequest Presentation State Report (DECRQPSR)—Host to V

Presentation State Reports (VT400 Mode Only)Cursor Information Report (DECCIR)—VT420 to Host249FormatDCS9/013/1$2/4u7/5D . . . D. . .ST9/12ParametersD

250 Presentation State Reports (VT400 Mode Only)Cursor Information Report (DECCIR)—VT420 to HostBit Attribute Bit Value4 Reverse video 0 = off.1 = on.

Presentation State Reports (VT400 Mode Only)Cursor Information Report (DECCIR)—VT420 to Host251Bit Attribute Bit Value2 – 0 Reserved for future use.1

252 Presentation State Reports (VT400 Mode Only)Cursor Information Report (DECCIR)—VT420 to HostBit Attribute Bit Value0 = single shift 2 is off.1 Ori

Presentation State Reports (VT400 Mode Only)Cursor Information Report (DECCIR)—VT420 to Host253Bit Attribute Bit Value5 – 0 Reserved for future use.4

254 Presentation State Reports (VT400 Mode Only)Tab Stop Report (DECTABSR)—VT420 To HostExampleThe following is an example of a cursor information rep

Presentation State Reports (VT400 Mode Only)Restore Presentation State (DECRSPS)—VT400 Mode Only255This operation is useful for applications that need

256 Presentation State Reports (VT400 Mode Only)Restore Presentation State (DECRSPS)—VT400 Mode OnlyProgramming TipApplications can use DECRSPS to res

Mode Settings (VT400 Mode Only)Request Mode (DECRQM)—Host To VT420257Notes on DECRSPS• If there is an invalid value in the DECRSPS sequence, the termi

6 VT420 FeaturesNew FeaturesNew FeaturesThe VT420 is compatible with Digital’s VT320 terminal and offers majornew features, such as the ability to use

258 Mode Settings (VT400 Mode Only)Request Mode (DECRQM)—Host To VT420Requesting DEC Private ModesCSI9/11?3/15Pd3/n$2/4p7/0ParametersPdindicates the D

Mode Settings (VT400 Mode Only)Request Mode (DECRQM)—Host To VT420259Table 12–2 ANSI Modes for DECRQM, DECRPM, SM, and RMMode Mnemonic SequenceGuarded

260 Mode Settings (VT400 Mode Only)Request Mode (DECRQM)—Host To VT420Table 12–3 DEC Private Modes for DECRQM, DECRPM, SM, and RMMode Mnemonic PdCurso

Mode Settings (VT400 Mode Only)Report Mode (DECRPM)—VT420 To Host261Report Mode (DECRPM)—VT420 To HostThe terminal sends this control function in resp

262 Mode Settings (VT400 Mode Only)Report Mode (DECRPM)—VT420 To HostReporting DEC Private ModesCSI9/11?3/15Pd3/n;3/11Ps3/n$2/4y7/9ParametersPdindicat

Setting or Resetting Modes (SM and RM) 263Setting or Resetting Modes (SM and RM)ANSI and DEC private modes are control functions that have only twoset

264 Setting or Resetting Modes (SM and RM)Set Mode (SM)ExamplesANSI ModesThe following sequence sets keyboard action mode (KAM) and insert/replace mod

Setting or Resetting Modes (SM and RM)Reset Mode (RM)265Resetting DEC Private ModesCSI9/11?3/15Pd3/n;3/11. . .. . .;3/11Pd3/nl6/12ParametersPdindicate

266 VT420 ReportsControl Function Settings (VT400 Mode Only)Control Function Settings (VT400 Mode Only)The host can request the current selection or s

Control Function Settings (VT400 Mode Only)Request Selection or Setting (DECRQSS)—Host To VT420267Table 12–4 (Cont.) Control Functions for DECRQSS Req

VT420 FeaturesNew Features7User WindowsThe VT420 lets you view data from two sessions at the same time. Toview data from two sessions, you divide the

268 Control Function Settings (VT400 Mode Only)Report Selection or Setting (DECRPSS)—VT420 To HostNotes on DECRQSS• A DECRQSS sequence can only ask ab

VT420 ReportsReport Selection or Setting (DECRPSS)—VT420 To Host269D . . . Dindicates the current setting of a valid control function that the hostask

270 Saving and Restoring the Cursor StateRestore Cursor (DECRC)Save Cursor (DECSC)FormatESC1/1173/7DescriptionSaves the following in the terminal’s me

Window Reports (VT400 Mode Only)Request Displayed Extent (DECRQDE)271• Maps the ASCII character set into GL, and the DEC SupplementalGraphic set into

272 Window Reports (VT400 Mode Only)Report Displayed Extent (DECRPDE)Report Displayed Extent (DECRPDE)The terminal sends this control function in resp

VT420 ReportsUser-Preferred Supplemental Set (DECRQUPSS)—(VT400 Mode Only)273User-Preferred Supplemental Set(DECRQUPSS)—(VT400 Mode Only)Applications

274 VT420 ReportsSummarySummaryTable 12–5 lists all the sequences described in this chapter.Table 12–5 Sequences for VT420 ReportsName Mnemonic Sequen

VT420 ReportsSummary275Table 12–5 (Cont.) Sequences for VT420 ReportsName Mnemonic SequenceSecondary Device AttributesSecondary DArequest(Host to VT42

276 VT420 ReportsSummaryTable 12–5 (Cont.) Sequences for VT420 ReportsName Mnemonic SequenceDevice Status ReportsExtended Cursor Position ReportReques

VT420 ReportsSummary277Table 12–5 (Cont.) Sequences for VT420 ReportsName Mnemonic SequenceDevice Status ReportsKeyboard StatusRequest(Host to VT420)D

ContentsAbout This Manual xviiPart 1 Introduction to YourVT420 Terminal1 VT420 FeaturesVT420 Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8 VT420 FeaturesNew Features• 3 pages of 48 lines 80 or 132 columns• 2 pages of 72 lines80 or 132 columns• 1 page of 144 lines 80 or 132 columnsA page

278 VT420 ReportsSummaryTable 12–5 (Cont.) Sequences for VT420 ReportsName Mnemonic SequenceDevice Status ReportsMacro SpaceRequest(Host to VT420)DSR

VT420 ReportsSummary279Table 12–5 (Cont.) Sequences for VT420 ReportsName Mnemonic SequenceDevice Status ReportsReport(VT420 to host)DSR CSI ? 80; Ps2

280 VT420 ReportsSummaryTable 12–5 (Cont.) Sequences for VT420 ReportsName Mnemonic SequenceTerminal State Reports (VT400 Mode Only)Restore terminalst

VT420 ReportsSummary281Table 12–5 (Cont.) Sequences for VT420 ReportsName Mnemonic SequenceMode Settings (VT400 Mode Only)Request mode(Host to VT420)D

282 VT420 ReportsSummaryTable 12–5 (Cont.) Sequences for VT420 ReportsName Mnemonic SequenceControl Function Settings (VT400 Mode Only)Request(Host to

VT420 ReportsSummary283Table 12–5 (Cont.) Sequences for VT420 ReportsName Mnemonic SequenceUser-Preferred Supplemental Set (VT400 Mode)Report(VT420 to

13Resetting and Testing the Terminal13This chapter describes how to reset the settings of many VT420 controlfunctions at the same time. The chapter al

Resetting the TerminalSoft Terminal Reset (DECSTR)285Soft Terminal Reset (DECSTR)This control function changes most of the terminal’s current settings

286 Resetting the TerminalReset to Initial State (RIS)Table 13–1 (Cont.) Soft Terminal Reset (DECSTR) StatesMode Mnemonic State After DECSTROther Cont

Resetting the TerminalReset to Initial State (RIS)287sends XOFF to the host to stop communication. When the RIS iscomplete, the terminal sends XON to

VT420 FeaturesGeneral Features9General FeaturesThis section describes the general operating and communication featuresof the terminal. You can set man

288 Resetting the TerminalSecure Reset (DECSR)• Resets the current session.Secure Reset (DECSR)This control function sets the terminal to its power-up

Resetting the TerminalSecure Reset Confirmation (DECSRC)289• Erases the paste buffer.• Reinitializes the keyboard state by– Clearing the keyboard input

290 Resetting the TerminalTab Clear (TBC)FormatESC1/11[5/11Pr3/n*2/10q7/1ParametersPris the number from 0 to 16383 that was included in the correspond

Testing the TerminalInvoke Confidence Test (DECTST)—Power-Up Self-Test291Testing the TerminalThis section describes control functions you can use to te

292 Testing the TerminalInvoke Confidence Test (DECTST)—Power-Up Self-TestPs Test0 All tests (1,2,3,6).1 Power-up self test.2 RS-232 port loopback test

Resetting and Testing the TerminalSummary293SummaryTable 13–2 lists all the control functions described in this chapter.Table 13–2 VT420 Reset Sequenc

294 Resetting and Testing the TerminalSummaryTable 13–2 (Cont.) VT420 Reset SequencesName Mnemonic SequenceInvoke confidencetestDECTST CSI 4; Ps1;...Ps

Part4SessionManagement

14Session Management14Two SessionsA session is an electronic connection between the terminal and a hostsystem. The VT420 lets you run two sessions at

10 VT420 FeaturesGeneral Features• ANSI keyboard function keys– 5 local function keys– 15 user-definable keys• PC keyboard function keys– 3 local funct

298 Session ManagementTwo Ways to Manage SessionsMultiple system communications uses two communication linesbetween the terminal and host to run two s

Session ManagementTwo Ways to Manage Sessions299SSU software uses only one communication line to run two sessions.Usually, you use SSU software to run

300 Session ManagementSession ResourcesSession ResourcesWhen you run two sessions on the terminal, you interact with one sessionat a time. This active

Session ManagementSession Resources301Shared ResourcesOnly one session can use the following features at a time. If session 1 isusing the resource, se

302 Session ManagementSSU Software (VT Mode)SSU Software (VT Mode)SSU software lets the terminal run two sessions over a singlecommunication line. Tha

Session ManagementEnable Session Command303This layer affects both sessions, because it controls the link between theterminal proper and the host. App

Part5EmulatingaPersonalComputer

15Operating in PC TERM Mode15The VT420 worldwide model with PC TERM mode can emulate a personalcomputer. When the terminal is in PC TERM mode, you can

VT420 FeaturesGeneral Features11Together, the ASCII and DEC Supplemental Graphic sets make up theDEC Multinational character set. When you turn on or

308 Operating in PC TERM ModeHow the VT420 Operates in PC TERM ModeHostComputerASCII CharactersANSI Control SequencesScanCodesPC TERM ModeLJ-01477-TI0

Operating in PC TERM ModeHow the VT420 Operates in PC TERM Mode309• Loads font tables to generate characters.• Disables the following local keyboard c

310 Operating in PC TERM ModeHow the VT420 Operates in PC TERM ModePC character sets have displayable characters mapped into all 256character location

Operating in PC TERM ModeChange Emulation Mode311Change Emulation ModeIn this mode, the terminal can use only one PC character set at a time.FormatESC

312 Operating in PC TERM ModeEnabling PC Keyboard CommandsEnabling PC Keyboard CommandsWhen you select PC TERM mode, the PC keyboard enables one local

Operating in PC TERM ModeEnabling PC Keyboard Commands313Data and Commands Sent from the Host to the TerminalScreen formatting (data) commands follow

314 Operating in PC TERM ModeUsing PC Character Sets MLO-0040082 3 4 5 6 7Row0123456789101112131415IBM All Character Set (GL)LEGEND4/14165101AHexDeci

Operating in PC TERM ModeUsing PC Character Sets315 MLO-004009IBM All Character Set (GR)LEGEND12/1C1193301HexDecimalOctalColumn/RowGR10 11 12 13 14 1

316 Operating in PC TERM ModeUsing PC Character SetsIBM Character Set 2 (GR)LEGEND12/1C1193301HexDecimalOctalColumn/RowGR10 11 12 13 14 15A0160240A116

Operating in PC TERM ModeUsing PC Character Sets317National PC Character SetsThe National PC character sets are the same as the PC Internationalcharac

12 VT420 FeaturesOperating ModesOperating ModesThe VT420 has four major operating modes for text operations. TheVT420 with PC TERM mode has five major

318 Operating in PC TERM ModeUsing PC Character SetsSelecting PC Character SetsWhen you select a PC character set, the terminal ignores the selectchar

Operating in PC TERM ModePC Keyboard Codes319PageUpHomeInsertEscF1F2F3F4 F5 F6 F7F8 F9 F10F11 F12PrintScreenScrollLockSetUp BreakPausePageDownEndDelet

320 Operating in PC TERM ModePC Keyboard CodesNumCapsLockScrollLockLockLJ-00227-TI0110112 113 114 115116 117 118119 120 121 122 123124 1251261 2 3 4 5

Operating in PC TERM ModePC Keyboard Codes321LJ-00228-TI0110112 113 114 115116 117 118119 120 121 122 123124 1251261 2 3 4 5 678 9 10 11 12 1315758085

322 Operating in PC TERM ModePC Keyboard CodesStandard KeysThe standard keys send scan codes for the alphanumeric characters.Table 15–4 lists the scan

Operating in PC TERM ModePC Keyboard Codes323Table 15–4 (Cont.) Scan Codes Sent by Standard KeysKeyMakeCodeBreakCode31 1E 9E32 1F 9F33 20 A034 21 A135

324 Operating in PC TERM ModePC Keyboard CodesEditing KeypadThe editing keypad includes editing and arrow keys. Table 15–5 liststhe scan codes sent to

Operating in PC TERM ModePC Keyboard Codes325Key Make Code Break CodeNum Lock On75 E0 2A E0 53 E0 D2 E0 AA76 E0 2A E0 54 E0 D3 E0 AA79 E0 2A E0 4B E0

326 Operating in PC TERM ModePC Keyboard CodesTable 15–6 (Cont.) Scan Codes Sent by Numeric Keypad KeysKey Make Code Break Code103 51 D1104 53 D3105 4

AVT52 Mode Control CodesAThe VT52 mode lets the VT420 terminal operate like a VT52 terminal.You use VT52 mode with applications designed for the VT52.

2Character Encoding2This chapter describes the character-encoding system that the terminaluses in VT mode to communicate with a host system. See Chapt

328 VT52 Mode Control CodesExiting VT52 ModeExiting VT52 ModeYou can exit VT52 mode by using the following escape sequence.ESC1/11<3/12When you you

BCommunicationBThis appendix provides information on how the VT420 communicateswith a host computer and a printer. The appendix describes how XONand X

330 CommunicationStandardsStandardsThe VT420 operates in accordance with the following national andinternational communication standards from the Elec

CommunicationModems331ModemsThe VT420 can operate with all modems conforming to the national andinternational standards listed at the beginning of thi

332 CommunicationCharacter FormatCharacter FormatThe VT420 can send and receive characters in a 7-bit or 8-bit format. Theasynchronous character forma

CommunicationTerminal-to-Host Data Flow Control333For normal interactive use, you should use the default XOFF point of64 characters. This setting prev

334 CommunicationTerminal-to-Host Data Flow Control• The number of characters in the input buffer reaches the secondXOFF point (220 characters) for th

CommunicationTransmit Rate Limiting (DECXRLM)335Modem Connections and DisconnectionsWhen the VT420 makes a connection to the host system through amode

336 CommunicationTerminal-to-Printer Data Flow ControlWhen the terminal receives XOFF from the printer, the terminal stopssending data. The terminal s

CRelated DocumentationCYou can order the following VT420 manuals from Digital:Installing and Using the VT420 Video Terminalwith PC Terminal ModeEK-VT4

14 Character EncodingOverviewASCII CharactersANSI Control SequencesLJ-01476-TI0VT Mode(VT400, VT300, VT200, VT100, VT52) (VT400, VT300, VT200, VT100)V

DCompatibility with Other DigitalTerminalsDThis appendix compares the VT420 video terminal to Digital’s VT320 andVT220 video terminals.Feature VT420 V

Compatibility with Other Digital Terminals 339Feature VT420 VT320 VT220DEC Technical Yes No NoCommunicationSpeed up to 38.4K Yes No NoComposite video

340 Compatibility with Other Digital TerminalsFeature VT420 VT320 VT220Cathode ray tube size 359 mm14 inch359 mm14 inch307 mm12 inchDisplay type Flat

Glossary7-bit code extension techniqueA method for expressing 8-bit control characters as 7-bit escape sequences.Active positionThe location on the sc

342 GlossaryANSI key layoutA setting in VT mode that allows the terminal’s PC keyboard keys to worklike the corresponding keys on the ANSI keyboard. T

Glossary 343Character cellThe pixel area on the screen that the terminal uses to display a singlegraphic character.Character encodingAll terminals and

344 GlossaryCompose sequenceA series of keystrokes you can use to display a character that doesnot appear on any single key. Compose sequences start w

Glossary 345CursorAn indicator that highlights the active position on the screen. The VT420uses different cursor characters for (1) text, (2) set-up,

346 GlossaryDEC Multinational character setThe factory-default character set for the VT420. The left half of this setis the the 7-bit ASCII set (with

Glossary 347DisplayThe area of the video screen where the terminal can present visible data.Display controls modeA special operating mode that lets yo

Character EncodingCoding Standards15Standard DescriptiondpANS X3.134.1 8-Bit ASCII structure and rulesdpANS X3.134.2 Code for information interchange

348 GlossaryEmulationA method that lets the VT420 operate like other VT series terminals.For example, you can operate the VT420 like a VT220 terminal

Glossary 349Graphic charactersCharacters you can display on a video screen. Graphic characters includeletters, numbers, punctuation, and any other cha

350 GlossaryLine attributeThe visual attributes for a complete display line on the screen.LocalAn operating state in which data entered at the keyboar

Glossary 351NVRNonvolatile RAM (random access memory). NVR retains informationwhen power is turned off. The VT420 stores the factory-default and saved

352 GlossaryPC character setsCharacter sets for use with PC applications, when operating the terminalin PC TERM mode. VT420 terminals with PC TERM mod

Glossary 353Reset stateOne of two possible settings for an ANSI or DEC private mode. Modes arecontrol functions that have only two settings.Reset to i

354 GlossarySingle shiftA control character (SS2 or SS3) used to map a designated characterset into the terminal’s in-use table for one character only

Glossary 355Top-row function keysThe function keys on the top row of the keyboard. In VT mode, thefirst five keys—F1(Hold),F2(Print),F3(Set-Up),F4(Sessi

16 Character EncodingCharacters and Character SetsCharacters and Character SetsIn Digital’s computing environment, a character is a symbol represented

Character EncodingCode Table17NOTEYou can display control characters on the screen, to help youdebug your applications. To display control characters,

iv Contents2 Character EncodingOverview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Coding Standards .

18 Character EncodingCode Tableb5b6b7b80000000NUL0 0 0 0b4 b3 b2 b110000100110000101010011011100 0 0 10 0 1 00 0 1 10 1 0 00 1 0 10 1 1 00 1 1 11 0 0

Character EncodingCode Table191234567GSF_0583_89.DGBit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit3 MostSignificant Bits4 LeastSignificant Bits(Decimal Value isColumn inC

20 Character EncodingCode Table8-Bit Code TableFigure 2–4 shows the format for an 8-bit code table. It has the samenumber of rows as the 7-bit table,

Character EncodingCode Table21NUL DLE SP DCSSOH DC1 PU1STX DC2 PU2ETX DC3 STSEOT DC4ENQ NAKACK SYNBEL ETBBS CANHT EMLF SUBVT ESCFF FSCR GSSO RSSI USIN

22 Character EncodingCode Table1234568GSF_0585_89.DG74 MostSignificant Bits4 LeastSignificant Bits(Decimal Value isColumn inCode Table)(Decimal Value

Character EncodingVT420 Character Sets23VT420 Character SetsThe VT420 provides the following built-in graphic character sets:ASCIIDEC Supplemental Gra

24 Character EncodingVT420 Character SetsDEC Supplemental Graphic Character SetThis 8-bit character set has 94 graphic characters. The graphic charact

Character EncodingVT420 Character Sets25NOTEAll control function descriptions in this manual assume that theterminal is using the DEC Multinational se

26 Character EncodingVT420 Character SetsISO Latin Alphabet Nr 1 Supplemental Character SetThis 8-bit character set has 96 graphic characters. The gra

Character EncodingVT420 Character Sets27screen. The combination of the ASCII character set in GL and the ISOLatin-1 supplemental set in GR is called t

Contents vPart 2 Control FunctionsSent to the Host3 ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard CodesKeyboard Layouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

28 Character EncodingVT420 Character SetsTable 2–1 National Replacement Character SetsCharacter Set 2/3 4/0 5/11 5/12 5/13 5/14ASCII # @ [ \ ] ^United

Character EncodingVT420 Character Sets29DEC Special Graphic Character SetThis 7-bit character set has 94 graphic characters. Most of the graphiccharac

30 Character EncodingVT420 Character SetsDEC Technical Character SetThis 7-bit character set has 94 graphic characters. The DEC Technical sethas chara

Character EncodingVT420 Character Sets31Downloaded (Soft) Character SetThe VT420 lets you download a character set from the host system. Thecharacter

32 Character EncodingControl CharactersTable 2–2 (Cont.) C0 (7-Bit) Control Characters RecognizedNameMnemonicColumn/Row FunctionHorizontal tab HT0/9Mo

Character EncodingControl Characters33Table 2–2 (Cont.) C0 (7-Bit) Control Characters RecognizedNameMnemonicColumn/Row FunctionDevice control 4 DC41/4

34 Character EncodingControl CharactersTable 2–3 (Cont.) C1 (8-Bit) Control Characters RecognizedNameMnemonicColumn/Row FunctionHorizontaltab setHTS8/

Character EncodingControl Characters35Table 2–3 (Cont.) C1 (8-Bit) Control Characters RecognizedNameMnemonicColumn/Row FunctionOperatingsystemcommandO

36 Character EncodingControl CharactersTable 2–4 (Cont.) 8-Bit Control Characters and Their 7-Bit EquivalentsName8-BitCharacter7-BitSequenceDEC privat

Character EncodingControl Functions37Escape sequencesControl sequencesDevice control stringsMany sequences are based on ANSI and ISO standards, and ar

vi Contents5 Using Character SetsSelecting Character Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91Designating Character Se

38 Character EncodingControl FunctionsEscape SequencesAn escape sequence uses two or more bytes to define a specific controlfunction. Escape sequences d

Character EncodingControl Functions39P...P are parameter characters received after CSI. These characters are inthe 3/0 to 3/15 range in the code table

40 Character EncodingControl FunctionsSelective ParametersA selective parameter selects an action associated with the specificparameter. In this manual

Character EncodingControl Functions41P..P are parameter characters received after DCS. The use of parametercharacters in a device control string is a

42 Character EncodingControl Functions• You can send SUB (1/10) to cancel a sequence in progress. The VT420interprets the characters following SUB as

Character EncodingWorking with 7-Bit and 8-Bit Environments43Working with 7-Bit and 8-Bit EnvironmentsThere are three requirements for using one of th

44 Character EncodingDefine Macro (DECDMAC)By default, the terminal is set to automatically convert all C1 characterssent to the application to 7-bit c

Character EncodingDefine Macro (DECDMAC)45ParametersPidis the macro ID number. Pid can be any number between 0 and 63,otherwise the terminal ignores th

46 Character EncodingDefine Macro (DECDMAC)any number of times. You embed repeat sequences within the datastring of the macro definition.NOTEIf ASCII te

Character EncodingInvoke Macro (DECINVM)47Invoke Macro (DECINVM)This control function let you execute a stored macro. You store macroswith the define m

Contents viiSummary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1407 Setting Visual Character and Line A

48 Character EncodingInvoke Macro (DECINVM)Macro ExamplesSuppose you want to create a macro that clears all pages in page memory,writes the word ‘‘top

Character EncodingDisplay Controls Mode49In VT52 or VT100 modeWhen you select Display Controls, the terminal temporarily loads theleft half of the dis

50 Character EncodingDisplay Controls ModeTable 2–5 (Cont.) Displaying Controls in 36 or 48 LinesControlCharacter in24 LinesControlCharacter in36 or 4

Character EncodingDisplay Controls Mode51Table 2–5 (Cont.) Displaying Controls in 36 or 48 LinesControlCharacter in24 LinesControlCharacter in36 or 48

52 Character EncodingDisplay Controls Modeb5b6b7b80000000U0 0 0 0b4 b3 b2 b110000100110000101010011011100 0 0 10 0 1 00 0 1 10 1 0 00 1 0 10 1 1 00 1

Character EncodingDisplay Controls Mode53b5b6b7b80001200128800 0 0 0b4 b3 b2 b110010101110100111011011111110 0 0 10 0 1 00 0 1 10 1 0 00 1 0 10 1 1 00

Part2ControlFunctionsSenttotheHost

3ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC KeyboardCodes3This chapter describes the codes the terminal can send to an applicationprogram in VT mode. See Chapter 15 for

viii Contents9 Rectangular Area OperationsCopying, Filling, and Erasing Rectangular Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160Copy Rectangular Area (DECCRA

58 ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard CodesKeyboard LayoutsKeyboard LayoutsThe terminal uses one of three Digital keyboards:• The ANSI keyboard (Figure

ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard CodesKeyboard Layouts59XZ X C V B NA S D F G H J K LI O PT Y UW E RMQ1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0! # $ %^&*( )aTabControl

60 ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard CodesKeyboard LayoutsPageUpHomeInsertEscF1F2F3F4 F5 F6 F7F8 F9 F10F11 F12PrintScreenScrollLockSetUp BreakPausePag

ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard CodesMain Keypad61The North American/United Kingdom keyboard is a special case. Mostother keyboards have some standa

62 ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard CodesMain KeypadGSF_1571_89.DG%\uFigure 3–4 Standard Key with a Data Processing Character (French/Belgian ANSI Ke

ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard CodesMain Keypad63ComposeCharacterCompose Characterdoes not send a code. PressingCompose Characterstarts a compose s

64 ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard CodesMain KeypadCaps LockTheCaps Lockkey alone does not send a code. You useCaps Lockto set or clear caps lock or

ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard CodesEditing Keypad65Table 3–1 Codes Sent by Editing Keys (ANSI/Short ANSI Keyboards)Key Code SentANSI S. ANSI VT400

66 ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard CodesEditing KeypadTable 3–2 (Cont.) Codes Sent by Editing Keys (PC Keyboard)Codes Sent in VT400 ModeKey ANSI Key

ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard CodesNumeric Keypad67• Table 3–5 lists the character codes sent by the numeric keypad on thePC keyboard in PC key la

Contents ix11 Keyboard, Printing, and Display CommandsKeyboard Control Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187Keyboa

68 ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard CodesNumeric KeypadTable 3–4 (Cont.) Codes Sent by Numeric Keypad Keys (ANSI, ShortANSI, and PC Keyboards)Numeric

ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard CodesNumeric Keypad69Table 3–4 (Cont.) Codes Sent by Numeric Keypad Keys (ANSI, ShortANSI, and PC Keyboards)Numeric

70 ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard CodesNumeric KeypadTable 3–4 (Cont.) Codes Sent by Numeric Keypad Keys (ANSI, ShortANSI, and PC Keyboards)Numeric

ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard CodesNumeric Keypad71Table 3–5 Codes Sent by Numeric Keypad Keys (PC Keyboard, PC KeyLayout)Numeric Keypad Mode Sett

72 ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard CodesNumeric KeypadTable 3–5 (Cont.) Codes Sent by Numeric Keypad Keys (PC Keyboard,PC Key Layout)Numeric Keypad

ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard CodesTop-Row Function Keys73Top-Row Function KeysThe keyboards have the following top-row function keys and keyseque

74 ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard CodesTop-Row Function KeysTable 3–6 (Cont.) Codes Sent by the Top-Row Function KeysKeyboard Key Mode with Code Se

ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard CodesTop-Row Function Keys75Table 3–6 (Cont.) Codes Sent by the Top-Row Function KeysKeyboard Key Mode with Code Sen

76 ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard CodesTop-Row Function KeysTable 3–6 (Cont.) Codes Sent by the Top-Row Function KeysKeyboard Key Mode with Code Se

ANSI, Short ANSI, and PC Keyboard CodesTop-Row Function Keys77Table 3–6 (Cont.) Codes Sent by the Top-Row Function KeysKeyboard Key Mode with Code Sen